The CRAAP Test
Annotated Bibliography
Citation: APA style
Annotation: The purpose of the annotation is to inform your readers of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited. Write 1-2 paragraphs (150+ words) in regards to the source, including the following:
Summarize the content of the information source.
Evaluate the authority/background of the author, the credibility, accuracy and quality of the information.
Analyze how the source is relevant to your topic, contributes or support your claims or argument.
Anatomy of an Annotated Bibliography
For annotated bibliographies, use standard APA format for the citations, then add a brief entry, including:
• 2 to 3 sentences to summarize the main idea(s) of the source.
- What are the main arguments?
- What is the point of this book/article?
- What topics are covered?
• 2 or 3 sentences to assess and evaluate the source.
- How does it compare with other sources in your bibliography?
- Is this information reliable? current?
- Is the author credible? have the background to write on this topic?
- Is the source objective or biased?
• 1 or 2 sentences to reflect on the source.
- Was this source helpful to you?
- How can you use this source for your research project?
- Has it changed how you think about your topic?
Annotation: The purpose of the annotation is to inform your readers of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited. Write 1-2 paragraphs (150+ words) in regards to the source, including the following:
Summarize the content of the information source.
Evaluate the authority/background of the author, the credibility, accuracy and quality of the information.
Analyze how the source is relevant to your topic, contributes or support your claims or argument.
Anatomy of an Annotated Bibliography
For annotated bibliographies, use standard APA format for the citations, then add a brief entry, including:
• 2 to 3 sentences to summarize the main idea(s) of the source.
- What are the main arguments?
- What is the point of this book/article?
- What topics are covered?
• 2 or 3 sentences to assess and evaluate the source.
- How does it compare with other sources in your bibliography?
- Is this information reliable? current?
- Is the author credible? have the background to write on this topic?
- Is the source objective or biased?
• 1 or 2 sentences to reflect on the source.
- Was this source helpful to you?
- How can you use this source for your research project?
- Has it changed how you think about your topic?
Sample from: https://sites.umgc.edu/library/libhow/bibliography_apa.cfm
Research Question: To what extend are video games dangerous?
Breeding evil. (2005, August 6). Economist, 376(8438), 9. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com
This editorial from the Economist describes the controversy surrounding video games and the effect they have on people who use them. The article points out that most critics of gaming are people over 40 and it is an issue of age not of the games themselves, stressing the age factor over violence as the real reason for opposition to video games. While the author briefly mentions studies done around the issue of violence and gaming, he does not go into enough depth for the reader to truly know the range of studies that have actually been done in this area, other than to take the journalist's word that the research is unsatisfactory. This article is a good resource as a starting point to explore my thesis surrounding the controversy of video games; however, I will need examine some of the research studies that have been done in this area rather than simply take the author's interpretation that opposition to video games is simply due to an issue of generational divide.
This editorial from the Economist describes the controversy surrounding video games and the effect they have on people who use them. The article points out that most critics of gaming are people over 40 and it is an issue of age not of the games themselves, stressing the age factor over violence as the real reason for opposition to video games. While the author briefly mentions studies done around the issue of violence and gaming, he does not go into enough depth for the reader to truly know the range of studies that have actually been done in this area, other than to take the journalist's word that the research is unsatisfactory. This article is a good resource as a starting point to explore my thesis surrounding the controversy of video games; however, I will need examine some of the research studies that have been done in this area rather than simply take the author's interpretation that opposition to video games is simply due to an issue of generational divide.
Another Sample
Research Question: To what extent does the link between the changes in the circadian rhythm and sleep pressure system affect the behaviour of adolescents and their consumption of caffeine-laden products?
Carskadon, Mary A, and Leila Tarokh. “Developmental Changes In Sleep Biology And Potential Effects On Adolescent Behavior And Caffeine Use.” Nutrition Reviews 72.(2014): 60-64. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Feb. 2016.
Late nights and late mornings are favoured in adolescent sleep behaviour. This paper describes changes that take place in adolescent sleep patterns. It also attempts to determine the interaction between the consumption of caffeine–laden products and sleep patterns. The authors, both with affiliations at EP Bradley Hospital in Providence and Brown University, consult several studies regarding the circadian rhythm in adolescent rhesus monkeys, mice and humans to better understand the bio-regulatory and the environmental/psychosocial contexts of sleep behaviour. Relying on the honesty and accuracy of the participants, the authors also analyzed results from parents and self-reporting teens in a poll conducted by the National Sleep Foundation. The paper successfully outlines the changes in adolescent sleep patterns but found gaps in the science and, therefore could not link the consumption of caffeinated beverages to impairment of sleep. More studies are needed to establish a connection between these beverages and sleep related performance.
Late nights and late mornings are favoured in adolescent sleep behaviour. This paper describes changes that take place in adolescent sleep patterns. It also attempts to determine the interaction between the consumption of caffeine–laden products and sleep patterns. The authors, both with affiliations at EP Bradley Hospital in Providence and Brown University, consult several studies regarding the circadian rhythm in adolescent rhesus monkeys, mice and humans to better understand the bio-regulatory and the environmental/psychosocial contexts of sleep behaviour. Relying on the honesty and accuracy of the participants, the authors also analyzed results from parents and self-reporting teens in a poll conducted by the National Sleep Foundation. The paper successfully outlines the changes in adolescent sleep patterns but found gaps in the science and, therefore could not link the consumption of caffeinated beverages to impairment of sleep. More studies are needed to establish a connection between these beverages and sleep related performance.
